I migrated my home- and webservers from Debian to FCOS a while ago and I’m very happy with how everything works.
Troubleshooting butane/ignition was a bit of a pain in the butt but worth it imo. I suggest just reading through the FCOS docs, they guided me well while setting everything up. I use podman on my webservers and docker on the homeserver (bc nextcloud aio is not fully podman compatible). I use the installer to build a pre-configured ISO that I can deploy where I want to.
Someone in the comments mentioned Flatcar, which I think looks compelling as well, since it’s basically the same but more of a community effort.
IIRC there is a plugin for Caddy that can do what you are looking for.
Edit: here you go